ПРЯКА И НЕПРЯКА РЕЧ -
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH |
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1. | Прявилата
за съгласуване на времената се прилагат особено често, когато се превръща
пряка реч в непряка и глаголът, с който се въвежди непряката реч, е в минало
време. Тогава времената, употребени в пряката реч, се
изменят по следния начин: |
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The Present Simple I work |
става |
The Past Simple I worked |
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The Present Progressive I am working |
става |
The Past Progressive I was working |
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The Present Perfect I have worked |
става |
The Past Perfect I had worked |
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The Present Perfect Progressive I have been working |
става |
The Past Perfect Progressive I had been working |
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The Future Simple I shall work |
става |
The Future Simple in the Past I should work |
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The Future Progressive I shall be working |
става |
The Future Progressive in the Past I should be working |
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The Future Perfect I shall have worked |
става |
The Future Perfect in the Past I should have worked |
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The Future Perfect Progressive I shall have been working |
става |
The Future Perfect Progressive in the Past I should have been working |
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The past Simple I worked |
става |
The Past Perfect I had worked |
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The Past Progressive I was working |
става |
The Past Perfect Progressive I had been working |
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The Past Perfect I had worked |
остава |
The Past Perfect I had worked |
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The Past Perfect Progressive I had been working |
остава |
The Past Perfect Progressive I had been working |
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2. | Освен
промяната на времената в непряката реч стават и
следните промени: а) Личните и притежателните местоимення се изменят по лице според смисъла: |
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He said, I am coining. | Той каза: "Аз ще дойда." | |||
He said that he was coming. | Той каза, че (той) щял да дойде. | |||
She said to me, I saw you at the theatre a few days ago. | Тя ми каза: „Видях те в театъра преди няколко дни." | |||
She told me that she had seen me at the theatre a few days before. | Тя ми каза, че ме с видяла в театъра преди няколко дни. | |||
б) Показателните местимения this, these се изменят в that, those: | ||||
He said, I don't like these shoes. | ||||
He said he didn't like those shces. | ||||
в) Наречията за мято и време се изменят, както следва:. | ||||
here | става | there | ||
now | става | then | ||
today | става | that day | ||
next week | става | the following week | ||
tomorrow | става | the next (the following) day | ||
ago | става | before | ||
last year | става | the year before, the previous year | ||
last night | става | the night before | ||
yesterday | става | the day before | ||
Пряка
реч в английскня език се загражда в кавички (Inverted
Commas), които се поставят горе,
обърнати навътре (' ', ам.
" "). Пред пряката реч се поставя запетая (Comma) или по-рядко двоеточие (Colon). He said, 'I haven't seen him this week.' Пред непряката реч (допълнително подчинено изречение) в английския език не се носгавя запетая. |
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